Japan to Tighten Immigration, Welfare for Foreigners, and Land Rules

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Japan is moving to crack down on so-called "free-loading" by foreigners accessing its welfare and public health insurance systems. A draft of the government's Basic Policy on Economic and Fiscal Management and Reform, set for release in mid-June, calls for a sweeping review of outdated systems seen as incompatible with a globalized society. According to multiple government sources as of June 5, the proposal also emphasizes building a more "orderly and harmonious society" alongside foreign residents.

The policy also outlines plans to strengthen the government's cross-agency coordination and integration for foreign labor, including enhanced ministerial oversight. It calls for improved data infrastructure at both the national and local levels to better manage information related to foreign residents. Separately, it proposes tougher enforcement of legal compliance, stricter oversight of how public services are used, and greater transparency in administrative processes.

Review of Immigration Related Fees

To tighten control over immigration and residency, the government plans to introduce an Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) system by fiscal 2028. Such a system would enable centralized management of traveler data from entry to exit. The government will also review visa and immigration-related fees, aligning them with international standards.

Furthermore, the draft calls for the use of digital technology to achieve "zero illegal overstayers" through enhanced enforcement and deportation efforts.

BBC COVID-19 — *Japanese immigration points at Narita International airport (©Sankei)*

For foreign labor programs such as the Technical Intern Training Program and the Specified Skilled Worker system, the government intends to define specific sectors and set intake targets.

More broadly, it also plans to tighten the foreign driver's license conversion system. Stricter address verification and more rigorous knowledge and skills testing for applicants are expected.

Improving Land Transparency for Foreign Nationals

The draft policy proposes using data on unpaid premiums and medical expenses when screening foreign residents. This comes as lawmakers continue to debate concerns about "free-loading" in Japan’s healthcare system.

Just 63% of foreign-headed households paid into Japan’s national health insurance system between April and December 2024. That information is based on data from 150 municipalities collected by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare."

In comparison, the rate among all households, including Japanese, was 93%. The government plans to accelerate nationwide data collection. It aims to ensure that child allowances are used appropriately based on actual household conditions. Meanwhile, school subsidies will be reviewed to confirm they align with students' educational needs and family circumstances.

Plans to "increase transparency regarding land ownership nationwide, including by foreigners," are also underway. The draft outlines efforts to enhance ownership records and databases, factoring in trends in foreign investment. It also proposes stronger measures to address criminal and nuisance behavior by tourists and short-term visitors.