Defense Experts Urge Expanding Japan's Submarine Capabilities and Weapons Transfers

On September 19, Japan's Defense Ministry expert panel on fundamental reinforcement of defense capabilities recommended that the country consider acquiring submarines with a greater range. Former Keidanren Chairman Sadayuki Sakakibara heads the panel, and the proposal was made with nuclear-powered vessels in mind.

An early revision of the Defense Buildup Program, which allocates ¥43 trillion JPY (about $289 billion USD) in defense spending over five years through fiscal 2027, is expected. Meanwhile, the ministry is preparing to begin full-scale discussions. In addition, the panel urged easing current restrictions that limit defense equipment exports for five specific non-lethal purposes.

The proposal highlighted that equipping submarines with vertical launch systems (VLS) capable of firing long-range missiles would "significantly enhance deterrence." 

It also called for exploring "next-generation propulsion systems, unconstrained by conventional precedents," to support long-range, extended-duration travel and submerged operations.

The government's goal of raising defense spending, including related expenses, to 2% of GDP by fiscal 2027 was praised as "demonstrating national resolve." The panel also urged the government to explain "necessary measures for further strengthening defense capabilities" and to begin discussions on further budget increases.

Currently, the transfer of defense equipment is permitted in five categories: rescue, transportation, warning, surveillance, and minesweeping. The proposal suggested broadening the options for military transfers. It advocated supplying equipment without restrictions, including lethal weapons, to friendly nations facing external threats, as one possible strategy.

Furthermore, the proposal expressed concern that "independent research and development is difficult to advance solely with domestic defense industry funding." It therefore called for considering corporate consolidation and the establishment of state-owned munition factories.

The expert panel was established in February 2024 to support planning functions aimed at enhancing defense capabilities under the 2020 National Defense Strategy. 

It's composed of 17 members, including chairman Sakakibara, former JICA President Shinichi Kitaoka, former Ambassador to the United States Shinsuke Sugiyama, and former Vice Minister of Defense Kazuhisa Shimada. The team has convened regularly. 

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Author: The Sankei Shimbun 

(Read this in Japanese)